Allergies Meaning in Urdu - Symptoms, Causes, and Prevention

Allergies in Urdu

الرجی کی وجہ مدافعتی نظام کا ردعمل ہے جو کہ ایک قدرت کی طرف سے ایک حفاظتی حصار کے طور پر انسان کو تفویض کیا گیا ہے۔ مدافعتی نظام کا مقصد جسم کو نقصان دہ مادوں سے بچانا ہے لیکن کبھی کبھی یہ نظام کسی ایسی چیز کے خلاف ردعمل ظاہر کرنے لگتا ہے جو کہ نقصان دہ نہیں ہوتی۔ اس صورتحال میں کھانسی، چھینکیں آنا، اور جلد کی خراش جیسی علامات سامنے آسکتی ہیں۔  

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Summary about Allergies in English

An allergy is a hypersensitive immune response to specific allergens. These substances may trigger allergic reactions if ingested or inhaled. Common allergens include pollen, pet dander, dust mites, insect stings, latex, or certain foods and medications. When your body is exposed to an allergen, the immune system identifies it as a threat and produces immunoglobulin E antibodies. As a result, histamines are released which cause different allergy symptoms.

What are the different types of allergies?

Allergies are categorized into the following types:

  • Respiratory Allergies: The allergies caused by pollen, mold spores, or pet dander, affecting your respiratory system are termed respiratory allergies. Allergic rhinitis or hay fever is an example of such allergies. In some people, these allergies also trigger asthma symptoms. 

  • Food Allergies: Certain foods such as eggs, milk, soy, wheat, peanut, or shellfish may trigger allergic reactions. Ingesting even a small amount of such foods deteriorates health.  

  • Insect Sting Allergies: Some people may develop allergies to bees, wasps, hornets, or fire ant stings. In some cases, severe reactions such as anaphylaxis may occur. 

  • Skin Allergies: Certain substances like metal, latex, cosmetics, or poison ivy may cause allergic skin symptoms such as itchiness, hives, or skin rash. 

  • Drug Allergies: Antibiotics such as penicillin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or anticonvulsants may cause allergies in some people. 

  • Occupational Allergies: Work environments also expose individuals to allergens including chemicals, dust, or animal dander, leading to occupational allergies.

  • Pet Allergies: Contact with pet dander, saliva, or urine may trigger allergic symptoms in some folks.

Symptoms of Allergies

The most common symptoms of allergies include:

  • Swelling 

  • Coughing

  • Sore throat

  • Nasal congestion

  • Shortness of breath

  • Nausea or vomiting

  • Itchy or watery eyes

  • Loss of consciousness

  • Abdominal pain or diarrhea

  • Dry, itchy, and inflamed skin

  • Raised, itchy welts on the skin

Causes of Allergies

The common causes of allergies are as follows:

  • Pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds 

  • Pet dander found in the hair, saliva, and urine of pets 

  • Mold spores that grow in damp and humid environments 

  • Certain foods such as peanuts, eggs, milk, soy, wheat, or fish

  • Dust mites, particularly found in bedding, carpets, and upholstery

  • Insect stings, especially that of bees, wasps, hornets, yellow jackets, and fire ants

  • Certain medications including antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs 

Risk Factors of Allergies

Allergies are often passed down from parents to their kids. The genetic factor is one of the important risk factors for allergies. 

Preventive Measures of Allergies

The following preventive measures can help you minimize the risks of allergies:

  • Stay indoors when pollen levels are high, especially during pollen seasons. Also, keep windows closed to reduce pollen exposure.

  • Encase your mattress and pillows with an allergen-proof cover to avoid dust mites.

  • Regularly clean and vacuum your home. Use High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filter in your vacuum cleaner to trap allergens.

  • Maintain humidity levels and prevent mold growth by using a dehumidifier indoors.

  • Limit exposure to pets and keep them out of your house.

  • Wear protective clothes to avoid contact with the allergens such as poison ivy or insect stings. 

  • Avoid vehicular or cigarette smoke.

  • Before eating any food, read the ingredient list to make sure that you're not ingesting any allergic substances.