Pulmonologist / Lung Specialist, General Physician, Diabetologist
MBBS, DTCD (T.B and Chest Diseases), MCPS (T.B and Chest Diseases), FCCP (USA)
Pulmonologist / Lung Specialist, Lung Surgeon
MBBS, MD, MRCP(UK), FACP, FCCP(USA)
Pulmonologist / Lung Specialist, General Physician
MBBS, FRCP (Glasgow), MRCP (Pulmonology) London, MRCP Medicine (Edinburgh), CCST (UK)
COPD stands for Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It is a group of diseases that cause airflow obstruction and breathing difficulties and mainly affects the lungs. This disease consists of emphysema and chronic bronchitis. COPD diagnosis is usually done by using spirometry.
COPD Facts and Figures
According to COPD research published in the BJGP Open journal, smoking is the leading cause of lung problems in Pakistan. Due to this high prevalence of smoking, it has been concluded that COPD cases are likely to increase in the future. Find the facts and statistics about COPD in Pakistan below:
| Prevalence of COPD in Pakistan | Approx. 2.1% |
| Commonly Affects | Older Adults |
| At-Risk Gender | Both Males and Females |
| Age for Early symptoms | Young to older adults |
| Average Age for Diagnosis | After 45 Years |
| Problems related to COPD | Pneumonia, Heart Disease, Lung Cancer, Depression |
| Specialists Who Treat COPD | Pulmonologists/Lung Specialists |
COPD can have the following signs and symptoms;
COPD causes:
The preventive measures for COPD are:
COPD Treatment
Some treatment options for COPD include the following: